Few people make movies like Rick Alverson, a director who, in such ironically titled films as “The Comedy” and “Entertainment,” pushes the definition of enjoyment up to — and sometimes past — the breaking point, all the while crafting works of undeniable intelligence (and sometimes even breathtaking beauty). He does the same thing in his newest film, “The Mountain,” a 1950s-set story about a traveling lobotomist (Jeff Goldblum) and his photographer assistant (Tye Sheridan).